The defense ministries of Poland and the Baltic states have claimed an increased threat posed by Russia necessitates the move
The militaries of Poland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania have called on their governments to withdraw from the Ottawa Treaty, an international agreement which bans the use of anti-personnel landmines, claiming an increased military threat from Russia requires it.
In a joint statement on Tuesday, the defense ministries of the four NATO members bordering Russia expressed a need for “flexibility and freedom of choice to potentially use new weapons systems and solutions.”
Drafted in 1997, the Ottawa Treaty aimed to eradicate landmines due to their long-term risk to civilians. Notably, several significant powers are not parties, including China, Russia, and the United States.
The joint declaration asserted that “despite withdrawing, [the four nations] will remain committed to international humanitarian law, including the protection of civilians during armed conflict.”
Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia contend they face the risk of an attack by Russia. In May, Warsaw initiated the extensive 10 billion zloty ($2.6 billion) ‘Eastern Shield’ project to beef up its borders, with senior Polish officials indicating that anti-personnel landmines could play a critical role.
Last year, General Janne Jaakkola, Finland’s defense chief, suggested withdrawing from the Ottawa Treaty, saying that anti-personnel mines would be effective against Russian ground forces. The Nordic country, which also borders Russia, joined NATO in 2023, asserting it needed the protection of the US-led military bloc.
Ukraine, while technically a signatory of the convention, has effectively suspended its participation since 2014. The administration of President Joe Biden authorized the delivery of landmines to Ukraine. Biden officials argued that the weapons would help Kiev slow Russian advances.
Russia has consistently denied having any aggressive intentions towards NATO and insists that the Ukraine conflict was caused by the bloc’s expansion towards its borders.
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