OpenAI’s Sam Altman has said mass white-collar layoffs have not materialized, while Anthropic has warned of major disruption
The heads of two leading artificial intelligence companies have offered sharply different forecasts on whether the technology will trigger mass job losses. The split comes as as Meta, Microsoft, Amazon, and other tech giants continue large-scale layoffs tied to AI restructuring.
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said on Tuesday that AI is unlikely to trigger a global “jobs apocalypse,” admitting that he had been wrong about how quickly the technology would eliminate white-collar jobs.
“I’m delighted to be wrong about this, I thought there would have been more impact on entry-level white-collar jobs being eliminated by now than has actually happened,” Altman told Commonwealth Bank of Australia CEO Matt Comyn.
Altman said OpenAI had been “roughly right” about the technological development of AI since the launch of ChatGPT in 2022, but “pretty wrong” about its social and economic effects, arguing that many jobs still include an irreplaceable “human part.”
Anthropic co-founder Chris Olah, on the other hand, has warned that there is “a real possibility that AI will displace human labor at very large scale.”
Speaking at the Vatican during the presentation of Pope Leo XIV’s AI encyclical on Monday, Olah said supporting those displaced by AI would become “a moral imperative of historic proportions.” He also warned that AI development is concentrated in a handful of wealthy nations, with no mechanism to ensure the gains are shared globally.
Pope Leo has also repeatedly warned that AI poses risks to “human dignity, justice, and labor,” while calling for strict controls on the technology, particularly in warfare.
The split comes as major US tech firms continue cutting jobs while pouring vast sums into AI infrastructure. The Financial Times reported last month that Meta and Microsoft could cut up to 16,000 employees as both companies face rising AI-related costs. Earlier, Amazon announced roughly 30,000 layoffs across two rounds linked to restructuring and its AI push. Oracle has also reportedly laid off around 30,000 people worldwide.
Meanwhile, US polling published in March showed that Americans increasingly view artificial intelligence as a threat to their livelihoods and that nearly 80% of respondents fear the government has no plan to protect workers from AI-related job losses.
Last year, US Senator Bernie Sanders predicted that AI could wipe out nearly 100 million white- and blue-collar jobs in the US over the next decade.
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